Abstract

戴維森的意義整體= 論*

米建國

東吳大學哲學系<= span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>

= 5688;要<= /span>

戴維森意義理論= 的要旨，在於說明我= 0497;如何使用自己的語෌= 8;，有效地詮釋或理解&= #20182;人的語言；所以，= 565;於戴維森而言，一個= ;滿足的意義理論必須&#= 33021;夠解釋：一個詮釋Ň= 73;需要具備何種理論才= 能了解他人的言說，= 2780;此詮釋者又是如何௽= 3;道此理論真的能夠正&= #30906;地描述他人的語言= 290;

戴維森認為，一= 個類似塔斯基的真理= 9702;論，因為可以滿足ߌ= 8;個做為合理的意義理&= #35542;所需之形式上要求A= 292;剛好提供了一個建構= ;理論時的基本結構；&#= 30070;一個詮釋者使用這Ì= 91;理論來詮釋他人的語= 言時，其實是為該語= 5328;的每一個語句製造ߌ= 8;個適當的T語句。

給予某個語句為= 真的條件，是否真的= 1487;以做為賦予該語句঴= 7;義的一種方法呢？當&= #27298;證這個理論是否真= 340;可被用來詮釋他人的= ;語言，戴維森主張：&#= 32147;驗的證據基礎在於Ě= 04;試每一個T語句的真&#= 20551;，再配合善意原則į= 40;應用---亦即，在&#= 35438;釋的脈絡中，詮釋Ň= 73;與被詮釋者之間應設= 法達到最大的一致性= 2290;

使用類似塔斯基= 的真理理論來建構一= 0491;滿足的意義理論，๨= 9;個理論必須符合戴維&= #26862;所提出的形式上與 = 147;驗上的限制。本文主= ;要的目的，就在於說&#= 26126;並論證一個形式上Ĝ= 15;足的意義理論必定是= 整體的，而一個經驗= 9978;滿足的意義理論也ߌ= 8;定是整體的，其結果&= #23601;是戴維森的極端的= 972;體論。.

關鍵詞：&#= 25140;維森，意義，整體ţ= 42;，詮釋

Davidson’s Holistic Theory of Meaning

Chien-kuo Mi

Abrstract

Davidson’s theory of meaning is an= attempt to account for the fact that we use our own language effectively to interpr= et or understand the utterances (in the same or different language) of others.= So, a satisfactory theory of meaning for Davidson must explain what kind of the= ory an interpreter has to know in order to understand the speaker of an alien language and how the interpreter could come to know that such a theory corr= ectly describes the speaker.

According to Davidson, a theory of truth= in Tarski’s style can provide the fundamental structure for fulfilling t= he formal requirements of a satisfactory theory of meaning. When an interpreter (specifically, a radical interpreter) employs this theory to interpret anot= her, he must produce a T-sentence for each sentence in that language.

Testing the truth of each T-sentence tog= ether with interpreter’s charity---the principle that agreement should be m= aximized in the context of interpretation---provides the evidential bases for the cl= aim that giving the conditions under which a sentence is true is a way of giving the meaning to that sentence.

To accommodate Tarski’s concept of= truth, a theory of truth must meet certain formal and empirical constraints in ord= er to serve as a satisfactory theory of meaning. The purpose of this article i= s to argue that a formally satisfactory as well as an empirically satisfactory theory of meaning must be holistic. The result is Davidson’s extreme = holism. So, Davidson’s holistic theory of meaning (or interpretation) can be formulated as the view that interpreting (or giving the meaning of) a sente= nce of a certain language is not a matter of constructing a T-sentence for the sentence and testing the T-sentence one by one, but a matter of constructing and testing a satisfactory theory of meaning for the language as a whole.

Keywords: Donald Davidson, interpretation, holism,

Meaning