伊比鳩魯&#= 35542;「正義」
徐學庸
輔仁大學哲學系=
摘要
學= 者們咸認為伊比鳩魯= 5222;正義這個德性為一ష= 8;契約，人們藉由與他&= #20154;訂定契約便可因契 = 004;的簽定而受其保障，= ;進而可免於焦慮。此&#= 19968;傳統的詮釋使得伊Ĕ= 04;鳩魯的正義僅具有工= 具的意義與價值，正= 2681;的追求是為了利益Ӎ= 0;然而如果我們更仔細&= #22320;檢證伊比鳩魯的倫 = 702;學思想，或許會發現= ;在他討論友誼這個德&#= 24615;時，他似乎將其視Ġ= 58;一具有內在價值性的= 德性，且我們因友誼= 3258;身而去追求它。如ੜ= 4;上述伊比鳩魯對友誼&= #30340;看法能被證成，那= 105;們一般對其正義觀的= ;詮釋或許亦有修正的&#= 24517;要。本文主旨即在Ü= 39;試對伊比鳩魯的正義= 觀做一不同於傳統的= 5438;釋。
關鍵字：伊比鳩魯z=
89;正義、契約、利益、=
德性、友誼
Epicurus on Justice
Hsu,
Hsei-Yung
Department of Phi= losophy
Fu Jen University=
Abstract
It is commonly held by scholars that Epicurus= regards the virtue, justice, as a kind of contract. By entering the mutual contract, the contractees will be safely protected by the contract signed. On this traditional interpretation of the Epicurean notion of justice, the role of justice has merely the instrumental meaning. However if we look into his mo= ral thought more carefully, we might find that Epicurus seems to have a view of virtues that is different from the traditional interpretation rendered by t= he scholars to him. That is, when Epicurus talks of friendship he seems to see= the virtue as having the intrinsic value, which is worth being sought for the s= ake of itself. If this claim on friendship could be proved right, then we might have to change our view on the Epicurean notion of justice, or his view on = the virtues all together. The main purpose of this paper is to explore this the= me, hopefully a revisional interpretaion of the Epicurean notion of justice cou= ld be brought out.
Keywords: Epic= urus, Justice, Contract, Utility, Virtue, Friendship