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Xunzi¡¦s Acceptance of Legalism: Focusing on the Structure of Li
Hirotsugu Sugamoto
Department of Japanese Literature,
Baika Women¡¦s
Abstract
This article analyzes how Xunzi was influenced by Legalists (i.e., the thought found in the Guanzi, the Book of Lord Shang, the fragmented passages from the Shenzi·V¤land the Shenzi ¥Ó¤l) via focusing on the structure of Xunzi¡¦s socio-political theory of Li.
In the first part, I analyze some characteristics of Xunzi's concept of Li. Xunzi¡¦s concept of Li, while inheriting the traditional aspect from early Confucians, also reveals the characteristic of Legalist concept of fa. In the second part, I compare the origin of Xunzi¡¦s Li with that of Legalist concept of fa. This comparison suggests a close relationship between the two. In the third part, I venture to demonstrate that Legalist influence on Xunzi¡¦s argument can also be found in the practical aspect of his concept of Li. Furthermore, Xunzi also incorporated the Legalist theory of rewards and punishment into his own socio-political theory.
In sum, Xunzi has transformed the traditional aspect of the early Confucian concept of Li into a more comprehensive, yet he has achieve this purpose without losing original meaning as a Confucian value concept. This can be seen in the fact that his emphasis on the ¡§superior man.¡¨
Keywords: Xunzi, Confucianism, Legalism, Li, fa